The Internet of Things (IoT) emerged as a concept in the early 2000s, and as we approach 2021, trends indicate that this technology will be around for a long time. According to reports, there will be 35.82 billion IoT devices deployed globally by 2021, and 75.44 billion by 2025. IoT gadgets, ranging from smartwatches to voice assistants, are changing the way we work. We converse and connect with one another. Botnets may abuse all of these linked devices (for example, printers, gaming consoles, WiFi cameras, smart gadgets, and so on). As more gadgets connect to the internet, we will witness increasingly frequent and large-scale assaults.

Malicious activity hit an all-time high on March 7, 2017, following the publication of NSA tools on Wikileaks. 45,000 firms in 74 countries were affected in the days following the breach. Krebs' assault was almost 700 gigabytes in size, Dyn's attack was one terabit in size, and OVH's most recent attack was nearly two terabits in size. Throughout 2020, when communities throughout the world implemented lockdowns in an effort to limit COVID-19, Nokia Deepfield reported a 50% spike in DDoS activity.

"The continuous increases in the intensity, frequency, and complexity of DDoS assaults have led in a 100 percent rise in the 'high watermark level' of DDoS daily peaks — from 1.5 Tbps (January 2020) to over 3 Tbps (May 2021")," the business claimed. 

This is all owing to the hyper-scale. Linear mathematical methods can no longer correctly anticipate the rise of traffic and viruses. Overscaling, traffic, and malware are all on the rise. So, where does CDN play a factor?

The CDN serves as a link between data and consumers. The CDN transports data on both sides. You can address significant weaknesses in cloud computing by protecting the connections and pipelines that transport data between computers. Several sources put CDN market growth at 34% (CAGR), but I believe this is just 20-50% of true growth. be because it does not account for the cloud's rapid expansion. The quantity of data used by Cloudfront and Google in terms of CDN is not disclosed, but it is far greater than what we estimate for the traditional CDN sector. And he rises.

The CDN acts as a go-between in All Of This

When analyzing CDN rises, there are two key factors to examine. The first thing to mention is the mobile. By the end of 2017, mobile traffic will outnumber fixed traffic, accounting for 51% of total traffic. The second trend is overthetop (OTT) streaming, which will eventually supplant live TV. With these two significant events, CDN is preparing for a strong rise in the next few years. The issue is, who will have the best chance of winning? CDNs have developed to provide a wide variety of perimeter services, from hosting websites and downloading files to hosting and protecting APIs, including WAF (Web Application Firewall) and DDoS mitigation. It evolves by separating the servers for the services with a corporate infrastructure (triple stack router, network architecture). As the demand for a specific service arises, servers are added to meet the demand (eg WAF, DDoS, etc.). However, at the cloud-like hyperscale, this paradigm is inefficient.

Well how Begin with a CDN

A CDN must be the default inbound gateway for all inbound traffic in order to function. To do this, you will need to alter the DNS settings of your main domain (for example, domain.com) as well as those of your subdomains (eg www.domain.com, img.domain.com). 

You will change the A record for your primary domain to point to one of the CDN's IP address ranges. Change the CNAME record for each subdomain to point to a CDN-provided subdomain address (for example, ns1.cdn.com). In any case, all visitors will be routed to your CDN instead of being sent to your origin server.

Don't worry if all of this puzzles you. Today's CDN providers give step-by-step instructions to assist you with the activation process. They also offer assistance through their support staff. The entire procedure takes approximately five minutes and consists of a few copies and pastes.

You may begin utilizing CDN with VNG Cloud - vCDN, a prominent service in Vietnam.

(More #white to come)

CDNs have been the Internet's unseen backbone for more than two decades, supplying online content for commerce, banking, healthcare, and other industries swiftly and at scale.

Without CDNs, which can copy and store information from origin servers and then provide digital material closer to where consumers access the internet, the internet might be slowed to a crawl.

You may not appreciate it, but if you've done nearly everything online, a CDN has most certainly aided in providing you with a quick, dependable, and consistent experience. Here's a simple illustration of how content delivery networks manage traffic behind the scenes to make it happen:

A CDN balances total traffic to provide the best possible online experience to everyone who consumes Internet content. Consider ways to acquire traffic in the actual world. There may be a route that is usually the quickest from point A to point B when there are no other cars, but if the traffic becomes congested, it is better for everyone if the traffic is spread out over several different routes. This might mean that you are sent onto a route that takes a few minutes longer (or a few microseconds, if matched to internet speed), but you are not delayed in traffic on the quicker route. It might also indicate that you are being dispatched on the faster normal route, but without being stuck in traffic, because other cars are being dispatched on longer routes. So it's not a matter of slowing down; rather, it's a matter of balancing the load and making maximum use of available resources.

The point is, without CDNs, we would all be stuck in traffic a lot more often when browsing the web.

What are the advantages of a CDN?

CDNs handle a significant percentage of the world's Internet traffic. They contribute to overcoming the most difficult difficulties of Internet content delivery. Content delivery networks are used by businesses ranging from small and medium-sized content suppliers to huge multinational organizations to provide their consumers with a unified online experience.

Because the Internet was not initially built to accommodate the demands of massive volumes of data, high definition live streaming, flash sales, and big downloads, CDNs were developed to improve Internet performance. all of the interconnected experiences that most of us have in our daily lives today.

CDNs enable the world's businesses and organizations do business online successfully by offering performance, reliability, security, and intelligence solutions.

Performance

The difference between a click that provides you quick access to fresh material and a click followed by a seven-second wait as a website loads or a video buffers is called performance. Buffering is the wait period, represented by a recognizable circle indicator on the screen, that happens when an ISP's Internet connection cannot transmit data quickly enough.

How does it function? When a CDN's servers cache requested material, an end user's ISP or mobile phone carrier receives that content by connecting to a server on the CDN's network rather of waiting for his request to travel straight to the origin. The server containing the material you are attempting to view may be located a long distance away from your physical location. If this is the case, a CDN will deliver the material closer to you, increasing speed and performance. Assume Mobile Phone Brand S (MP-S) in Seoul, Korea, introduces a new model for online purchases. S.Fans in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Danang, and Bangkok all place their orders online. If MP-S does not employ a cloud content management system, each end user must travel to and from Seoul. However, if MP-S employs a CDN and has preloaded its material over the CDN, each user may get fresh content directly from servers in their location, backing up their data for hundreds or thousands of miles round trip.

If the content has not previously been specified, the CDN will utilize its programmed knowledge of the required connections to overcome the problems. Advanced CDNs employ additional technologies to address difficulties with dynamic and non-cacheable content delivery, as well as to select the right type of material to stream to different devices.

All of this implies that when content providers utilize a CDN, they can provide quick, high-quality online experiences to all of their end users, regardless of their location, browser, device, or network from which they connect. Web sites load faster, video buffering times are shorter, and people are more engaged.

Reliability

Reliability implies that material remains accessible to end users even during periods of high user traffic, when many people access the content at the same time, or when server outages occur in certain areas of the Internet.

Even the most powerful servers are put to the test when traffic approaches millions of requests per second. Without a content delivery network, all of that traffic must be absorbed into the infrastructure of the content provider. This can result in outages and poor user experiences. CDNs' widely spread server infrastructure is intended to minimize these difficulties. With their highly dispersed design and large server platforms, advanced CDNs can absorb tens of Tbps of traffic while also allowing content providers to stay available to user bases.

Let us return to MP-S in Seoul as an example.

Security

As the volume of high-value data and transactions on the Internet grows, so does the number of attackers looking to exploit it. Malicious actors' attacks may be extremely costly to companies. DDoS and online assaults, along with crimes perpetrated by hostile insiders, have proven to be the most expensive.

DDoS assaults and web-based exploits (SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and local or remote file inclusion attacks) are becoming more frequent. These assaults are increasingly being conducted in tandem with a DDoS attack in order to divert attention while causing more significant harm with other vulnerabilities. Both forms of assaults are difficult to differentiate from real traffic, and attack methods vary rapidly over time, necessitating considerable committed security resources to keep on top of strategy attenuation.

With the rising volatility of the Internet security landscape, CDNs must assist in the protection of websites. The most modern content delivery networks of today have made information security a fundamental competence, offering one-of-a-kind cloud-based solutions. CDNs must secure content producers and consumers by mitigating a wide range of threats while ensuring delivery and availability are not jeopardized.

Intelligence

CDN providers collect large volumes of data regarding end-user connectivity, device kinds, and browsing experiences throughout the world as carriers of roughly half of the world's Internet traffic. They may utilize this data to assist their customers by offering vital and actionable insights as well as the intelligence of their user base. Live user monitoring and multimedia analytics to evaluate end-user interaction with web content, as well as cloud security intelligence to track online threats, are examples of these services.

Cloud Computing vs. CDN

The current digital experience has expanded the channels via which organizations deliver their information. CDNs and cloud computing were designed to address the performance and scalability issues posed by the increased demand for web content and applications. How do they vary, though?

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing settings save data on Internet servers rather than on the hard disk of your machine. It may be a simple and dependable medium for webmail, file storage, file sharing, and data backup for end users. also how individuals may quickly access online apps like social media platforms Cloud environments are made up of hundreds of points of presence (PoPs) with centralized servers in regional locations.

For businesses, the cloud provides lower upfront costs as well as the ability to scale application infrastructure as needed, expand into new geographies without investing in costly new infrastructure, and leverage cloud services partners to create digital experiences or the latest business applications.

Although the cloud has numerous advantages, companies frequently encounter unanticipated expenditures when developing or moving applications to the cloud. The dynamic nature of cloud migration initiatives can make maintaining the performance and availability of digital experiences difficult.

CDN

A content delivery network (CDN) is a network of servers that delivers material from a "origin" server across the world by caching the content near the point where each end user accesses the Internet via a web-enabled device. The requested material is initially kept on the origin server before being duplicated and stored elsewhere as needed. Latency is decreased by storing content physically near to where a user is and minimizing the distance they must travel. By spreading the load geographically over several servers, this method also decreases stress on the origin servers.

Some individuals refer to content delivery networks as "the limit." The edge is the point at where the physical and digital worlds collide and interact along the network's perimeter. CDNs give greater closeness to end consumers due to their global distribution of thousands of PoPs and unrivaled capacity and scalability.

This means that no matter where you are in the globe, the information you want to access will load faster on your mobile phone, tablet, computer, or other internet-connected device. You may enjoy the same seamless digital experience whether you're watching a home movie on the couch or checking in for a flight to another continent via a content delivery network.

CDN Building Components

CDN PoPs (Points of Presence) are strategically positioned data centers that communicate with users in their immediate neighborhood. Their primary purpose is to minimize round trip time by providing material closer to the website's user. Each CDN PoP generally has a large number of CDN Edge Nodes.

CDN Edge Nodes are responsible for storing and delivering cached files. Their main function is to speed up website load times and reduce bandwidth consumption. Each CDN Edge server typically contains multiple storage drives and large amounts of RAM resources.

Cached files are kept on SSD drives and hard disks (SSD and HDD) or in random access memory (RAM) within CDN Edge servers, with the most frequently accessed files housed on the fastest media. RAM is generally utilized to store the items that are accessed the most frequently.

Request Router

This is an important factor of the CDN system since it records the health status of Edge Servers and routes users to the appropriate Edge Node CDNs. The Request Router system distributes users by answering DNS queries or diverting users using the HTTP Redirect method.

The Request Router is considered the heartbeat of the CDN system; its role is basic but critical. The CDN cannot operate without it. And I spent the most of my time at VNG CLOUD researching and developing it when I initially joined.

Analytics Centre

Simply said, the system gathers logs created by CDN Edge Nodes, analyzes them, generates statistics, and saves them back in the central system. Provide consumers with near-real-time visual metrics regarding their website/content.

Next #white: The Rise of CDN